Patina
Patinas are layers of color or chemical solutions applied to pieces to create antiquing effects, depth or color variations that enrich the aesthetics of the work. These layers are generally applied after the initial firing and may include metallic oxides, pigments and diluted glazes that react with the surface of the piece during a second firing, resulting in unique and visually appealing finishes.
There are different types of patinas, each with specific characteristics. Metallic oxide patinas use oxides such as iron, copper, cobalt or manganese to impart deep, rich colors, from earthy tones to iridescent colors. Engobe patinas are mixtures of liquid clay and pigments that are applied to the surface of the piece, allowing the creation of layers of color that integrate with the glaze, adding depth and subtle hues. Finally, oxidation/reduction patinas react with the conditions of the kiln atmosphere during firing to create aging effects, such as stains, wear or aged luster.Interesting Fact
In ancient Egyptian ceramics, special firing techniques and the application of natural pigments were used to create patina effects that imitated the appearance of precious stones such as turquoise and lapis lazuli. These patinas not only embellished the pieces, but also had symbolic and religious meanings, being associated with spiritual protection and wealth.Helpful Tip
Apply the patina in thin, even coats to avoid unwanted stains and to ensure even coverage. If you want a deeper effect, you can apply several coats and fire additional firing to better integrate the colors with the surface of the piece. Experiment with different combinations of patinas and firing conditions to discover how they interact and create custom finishes that reflect your artistic style.
