Flux
Flux is an essential substance in the chemistry of clay bodys and glazes, as it has the power to lower the temperature at which silica particles and other components begin to melt. By acting as a glassy phase facilitator, flux helps ceramics reach vitrification, a state in which the clay becomes dense, nonporous and tough, and the glaze surface is transformed into a glossy or matte glassy coating, depending on the formulation.
Fluxes can be of natural origin (such as feldspars, dolomite, limestone, vegetable ashes or nepheline syenite) or synthetically produced. Their choice and proportion in the mixture are decisive for the final properties of the piece. For example, the presence of certain fluxes influences the gloss, transparency, opacity, color and chemical resistance of the glaze. In clay bodys, a suitable flux allows the piece to be fired at lower temperatures, reducing energy costs and expanding the range of materials that can be worked.
Historically, the discovery and use of fluxes mark milestones in ceramics. From vegetable ashes in ancient China, which gave rise to porcelain, to the use of feldspars in Europe, fluxes have made it possible to develop new aesthetics, improve the quality of the final product and diversify ceramic techniques.Interesting Fact
Historically, the use of fluxes has marked milestones in ceramics, expanding techniques, aesthetics and production quality. In ancient China, vegetable ashes made it possible to create exceptional porcelain, impacting trade, decorative arts and gastronomy. Later, in Europe, the adoption of feldspars replicated and extended these achievements, driving ceramic progress worldwide.Helpful Tip
Experiment with different types and amounts of fluxes in your glazes. Keep careful records of variations and results to understand how to adjust the melting temperature, degree of vitrification and color range. A small alteration in the proportion of a flux can produce subtle or dramatic changes in the final appearance of the piece.
